Cannabinoids refer to the chemical substances derived predominantly from the cannabis plant. These naturally occurring chemical compounds interact with the body’s ECS, a network of receptors, enzymes, and naturally produced endocannabinoids that help modulate functions such as mood, pain, appetite, and sleep. More than 100 cannabinoids have been identified, among which the most famous are THC and CBD.
THC is responsible for the psychoactive effects of cannabis, generally referred to as the “high.” It attaches to CB1 receptors in the brain and affects perception, coordination, and memory. On the contrary, CBD does not show any psychoactive properties and has gained increasing popularity due to possible therapeutic effects, such as anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, and anticonvulsant activities.
Other, lesser-known cannabinoids include CBG, or cannabigerol; CBC, or cannabichromene; and CBN, or cannabinol. Each of these is thought to have additional health benefits. For example, CBG is believed to have a supporting effect on gut health, while CBN may have a promoting effect on sleep.
Cannabinoids aren’t specific only to cannabis. The ECS also responds to endocannabinoids produced by the human body and, to a lesser degree, other plant cannabinoids such as echinacea and black truffles.
An understanding of cannabinoids is the key to further research into the immense therapeutic potential of cannabis. It could be employed for relaxation, pain management, or enhancement of sleep, all with natural, rather than pharmaceutical, solutions.
